Using the VB 2008 IDE(possibly earlier versions, I don't know), you can click File>Open File and select your .exe. This should show a resource tree which you can right-click, choose "Add Resource", select "Icon" and then "Import". Once you've selected the icon, click save/save all and the icon should now be viewable in reshacker.
I don't think there's any built-in automated way of doing it though, so this will need to be done every time you recompile your exe.
(Of course, you can also use reshacker to do exactly the same thing, but since the functionality is in VS I thought I'd mention it anyway
)
Hope this helps